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  5. 拉米称削减陪审团审判计划符合《大宪章》精神——英国政治实时动态
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Politicscourts & investigationsJudiciary Reforms

拉米称削减陪审团审判计划符合《大宪章》精神——英国政治实时动态

ZH
Zhao Jun
4 days ago7 min read
副首相戴维·拉米援引《大宪章》的神圣原则,为政府大幅减少英格兰和威尔士陪审团审判数量的争议性计划辩护,此举立即在法律和政治圈内引发了激烈争议。在他所称的“法庭紧急状态”背景下,拉米辩称,这份常被誉为英国自由和公平审判权基石的13世纪宪章,也包含了对司法延迟危害的警示。这一历史类比是一种大胆、甚至可谓鲁莽的修辞策略,将中世纪贵族的不满与现代积压成患的司法体系危机直接联系起来。从拉米的阐述来看,政府提案的核心旨在通过将更大比例的案件从刑事法院陪审团审理中转移出去(可能转向仅由法官审理或扩大治安法院权力)来加快司法进程,其理由是超过65,000件未决刑事法院案件的巨大压力。然而,批评者迅速反驳称,这并非实现《大宪章》的承诺,而是对其精髓的阉割;他们指出第39条明确规定,任何自由人不得被监禁或剥夺权利,除非“经由同侪的合法审判或依据国法”,并将“同侪审判”解读为陪审团审判的本质。这种程序效率与基本权利之间的紧张关系,呼应了撒切尔时代关于法律援助削减的辩论,以及近期因财政紧缩导致的法院关闭,许多法律分析人士认为正是这些举措造成了当前的紧急状况。其中的政治策略显而易见:通过用备受尊崇的宪法传统语言包装一项可能不受欢迎的效率提升计划,工党政府旨在预先阻止破坏公民自由的指控——这一指控在历史上更常指向他们的保守党对手。然而,基尔·斯塔默爵士在市长夫人宴会上的演讲阴影笼罩着这一事态发展,他在演讲中提出了一个截然不同的历史类比,批评前保守党政府“令人震惊地”疏远中国,未能认识到一个现已“到来”的地缘政治现实。这种并置发人深省——一位部长回溯八个世纪以证明国内司法改革的合理性,而首相则利用近代历史来规划新的外交政策路线。然而,两者都有一个共同点,即将其政策框架描述为对遗留失败和新的全球现实必要且务实的回应。拉米的提案无疑将在议会和法律界面临严格审查,包括可能基于人权理由的挑战,从而引发一场旷日持久的宪法辩论,将有效运作国家的实际需求与其法律传统的象征性和实质性支柱置于对立面。.
#lead focus news
#UK courts
#jury trials
#Magna Carta
#David Lammy
#justice system
#legal reform
#court emergency

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