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  5. 美国专利局表示生成式AI与其他工具地位等同
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美国专利局表示生成式AI与其他工具地位等同

GU
Guo Ping
1 day ago7 min read4 comments
在一项明确人工智能在美国创新体系中法律地位的重要举措中,美国专利商标局(USPTO)发布了更新指南,坚决将生成式AI归入与实验室设备和研究数据库等传统发明工具相同的类别。这一由局长约翰·斯夸尔斯主导、路透社报道的进展确立:虽然AI系统不能被列为发明人——联邦巡回上诉法院维持这一立场——但它们在发明过程中的使用并不会使最终成果自动丧失专利保护资格。将于《联邦公报》发布的新指南断言,生成式AI与人类心智使用的其他工具“类似”,这意味着对AI辅助发明没有单独的评估流程;关于构思和自然人共同发明权的严格标准仍然适用。这一决定出现在关键时刻,因为能够生成新型化合物、工程设计和药物配方的AI模型快速扩散,已造成法律灰色地带,使企业和独立研究人员对其知识产权感到不确定。USPTO的立场呼应了艾萨克·阿西莫夫小说中的基本原则:机器人是服务人类的工具,而非独立主体。通过划清这条界线,该机构试图在鼓励技术进步与维护以人为本的专利体系之间取得平衡,这是防止机器自主申请专利进而可能抑制创新的必要保障。然而这只是漫长征程的开篇。该指南未解决当人类提出宽泛指令而AI生成具体非显而易见方案时,关于发明“构思”的复杂问题。如果AI算法使用受版权或专利保护的数据训练而引入现有技术并发症,专利会否面临挑战?法律专家已在争论法院将如何处理人类指导与机器生成界限模糊的纠纷,尤其在制药等AI驱动发现平台正加速新药研发的领域。欧洲专利局等国际机构正密切关注此事,因为该问题的全球协调对跨国公司至关重要。虽然USPTO当前框架提供了亟需的明确性与稳定性,但也为未来最终界定AI与发明边界的法律斗争埋下伏笔,迫使我们不断重新评估人类创造力与我们创造的强大工具之间的关系。.
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